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: Soil is an important natural resources and its erosion has the social and economic vulnerability in addition to natural hazards. At the present study we evaluated the sedimentation rate of Toroq watershed by using PSIAC model in GIS environment. GIS analyses used in watershed management for attribution and classification of sedimentation rate as a superior technique. The aim was firstly zoning of sedimentation rate to identify sedimentation of the study area and secondly calculating the sedimentation rate (Q_s) and production (S) to classify them. According to our results the study area can be categorized into five erosive classes: very high, high, moderate, low and negligible. Also the results of zoning map in GIS showed that the high sedimentation zones in a meaningful distribution is observed in southern and northern parts of the watershed in which have the alluvial type of lithology and farming unit of land cover. The statistical analyses indicated that the sediment yield classes ranging from moderate to high with 60% of total surface area and sediment production of 84% of the total watershed. Analyzing the output map of PSIAC model showed that the calculated sedimentation rate in most parts correspond well with field observations. 

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  Increasing growth of Population and human needs will necessitate planning and management of water resources more than before. One of the most important sources of water supply, especially in arid and semi arid areas, are the underground water table. One of the most important ways for proper and efficient management of water resources, are identification and zoning of new resources and extraction according to theirs capacity. The aim of this study is determination and introduction the best areas to optimize utilization from groundwater resources in the Romeshgan basin using effectives factors in nutrition of groundwater GIS technique. For this subject we use 7 factors countain slope, landuse, rainfall,fault, litology, Waterways,elevation and provide potential of water ground resources with GIS. The results show that we can be observed 2 different potential regions in this basin. The east and west regions have high potential for nutrition of groundwater and central regions have low potential.

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Geomorphic processes and phenomena, indicated the relationship between the internal and external dynamics and earth resistance (lithology and structure) are That act over space and time. Force and resistance over time and space, causing displacement of geological materials Occurrence and geomorphic processes and forms are rough environments. Accordingly, the forms and processes that govern the Earth's surface, has a lot of complexity and breadth. Scale geomorphic mapping geomorphic processes and phenomena that are defined in the context of space and time. in which Environment systems are affected. In this connection coastal systems as one of the most complex and dynamic environment systems as a cross between sea and land is defined by the system. Erosion and sediment yield in the cross reaction with exogenous variables that arises due to natural and human factors and each works in a range of different spatial and temporal scales. In this paper, the problem of scale, importance and classification, it has been tried time and space spatial scale systems and processes in coastal and its application in environmental management are examined. In this regard, according to the classification of coastal processes and spatial scale of the space. Results showed that the time scales and spatial understanding of coastal processes and forms a prominent role in environmental management and planning Such as hazard maps of coastal geomorphic and coastal systems will respond polls. Influence the time domain and space are different forms and Coastal Processes and hence planning in local, regional and national planning is essential to deal with the processes must be defined according to their scale.

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Abstract Natural factors such as water resources, climate, topography, etc… play an important role in site selection specifically rural settlement where people's way of living mostly depends on the environment. In this study we classified one of the sub-catchments of the central desert of Iran, called Bardaskan and analyzed the local position of villages. During this process, first the effective parameters in site selection of villages were determined and gathered in ArcGIS 10 and the relevant maps were developed. Then, defining fuzzy operator, the fuzzy inference network is developed in order to obtain the final image. By evaluating the relevant criteria, the region was divided into 5 classes of relatively weak, weak, intermediate, relatively proper, and proper. Finally, the current position of settlements in proportion to these classes is assessed. The results of findings showed that from a total of 71 villages, 36 were in the relatively weak class, which means 50.7 percent. But 54.92 percent were in the intermediate class. As the area increases, more unfavorable environmental situations are observed. 2000 square kilometers (80 percent) of the area out of the total area (2500 square kilometers) are in the weak to relatively weak classes. Keywords: fuzzy logic, Rural Settlements, village, central desert, Bardaskan

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Ghale Ganj basin is Located In southeastern corner of Kerman Province and Kahnuj township. This city is affected by both water and wind erosion. In this study, MPSIAC model is used to estimate the amount of water erosion and IRIFR model to estimate the wind erosion. Results show that the maximum area is consist of high (41 %) and Medium (43.4%) wind erosion classes and residential areas and villages in the area were not secured from the losses and risks. Water erosion is another form of erosion at this basin. Factors such as mean annual precipitation (190.35mm) and favorable geological units (recent deposits, fluvial sediment) have prepared an appropriate condition in order to water erosion. Although the rate of deposition caused by water erosion is high for some fancies, the amount of sediment due to water erosion for the whole area (considering the large size of the basin ) is low (17.19 cubic meters per square kilometer per year) . Performing Physical and chemical operations (Mulching), water weeds control, arboriculture, plant production, biological windbreak and the organization and management of grazing can be some important operations suggested to control desertification in Ghale Ganj region.

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Uraman region, at a distance of 75 km South East of Marivan, is one of the Geotourism places of Iran, because having less introduced natural and geomorphologic phenomenon like karst land forms, erosion, geological and geomorphological features, it will be a Geotourism center, in case more introduction of regional. These landforms are as a phenomenon, which has values of ecological, aesthetic, geomorphological, scientific, historical- cultural and social- economics. These phenomenons are named Based on human imagination. In this research was used scientific and added value, to recognize Geotourism potential of region has been to introduce and to added some of geomorphologic locations, for example Shahoo heights (karst and geomorphologic landforms), Bal spring or waterfall, Sirvan river, geomorphologic landform (glacial circus, solflucion, caves), village traditional architect, social and cultural attractions of Uramanat. The region geomorphosites has two important scientific values (Once reconstruction paleogeomorphic ingredients, pale climatic) and added value (cultural, historic, environmental, economic and aesthetic). Giving values to these criteria was between zero and one. It seemed the scientific value of these landforms was upper, toward the other criteria of added value.

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Introduction Weathering is defined as the “break down or alteration of rock in its natural or original position at or near the Earth̓ s surface through physical, chemical and biological processes induced or modified by wind, water and climate”(Reiche,1950). The two variables that define weathering are the Mean Annual Temperature and the mean annual precipitation. Together, these two variables can be used to define a regions weathering type. Peltier defined seven graphs using these two variables that described different types of weathering phenomena, they are chemical weathering, frost action, weathering regions, pluvial erosion, mass movement, wind action and morphogenetic regions. Tehran, Alborz provinces are located between latitudes 34 to 37˚ N and longitudes 50 ° to 53 ° E. The goal of this study is to create maps of the continental Teharan and Alborz for each of Peltierʾs graphs. Materials and Methods In this study for investigation the weathering and morphogenetic regions at Tehran and Alborz Provinces, datasets of mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation, obtained from the website of Meteorology organization. About 42 stations which have appropriate data period (2000-2010) were selected. Then a database in GIS environment was created and the data were recorded in the GIS software. Then using peltiers model, DEM and Synoptic stations record and pluviometry, were identified weathering processes in the study area. Results and Discussion Due to the topographic position of Tehran and Alborz and also geomorphology, climate, urban users, there are spatial variations in weathering conditions. The purpose of this research is to identify it. Temperature and precipitation in the region is more dependent on latitude. Most precipitation is 750 mm per year. Minimum temperature can be seen in the north of Tehran. The maximum temperature can be seen in Southern Province due to the proximity of the desert which highest value is 18 ° C. Most precipitation is owned mountainous areas in the north of Tehran that Savanna and semi-arid areas of the morphogenetic action. Geomorphodinamic characteristic of these areas, are average effects of the prevailing winds and moderate to severe weak to severe Current water activity. Northern part of the study area is located in semi-arid regions. Geomorphodinamic characteristic of these areas, are the effects of wind and moderate to severe Current water activity. Southern part of the study area due to high temperature and low precipitations are located in arid regions and the most important Geomorphodinamic characteristic of these areas, are the effects of wind, Current water activity and weak mass movement. Conclusion The results showed that among seven weathering models in Peltier model, three models happened in the climatic conditions of Tehran and Alborz. So that the in most parts of mountainous regions there is weak weathering. In north of Tehran due to heavy precipitations and high temperature, Chemical weathering is more moderate type. While weathering in most parts of the study area is mostly very gentle.

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The purpose of this research is to identify  the structural lineaments of north mountains of Sabzevar which is known as the mountains Chaghatay and its impact on the underground water resources of the region. Lineaments are often superficial cracks in the ground and play an important role in feeding the underground aquifers. Using satellite imagery and digital elevation model (DEM) with knowledge of geology is an appropriate tool to evaluate the mining fractures that its application is extremely popular in the last decade. In this study, geological maps 1: 100000  of region and Landsat satellite imagery sensors, ETM collected in the study area and with the help of software ENVI5 and ARC / MAP after geometric corrections, by process Newton polynomial using MATLAB software have extracted  tectonic and structural lineaments. Then to communicate lineaments and the groundwater resources , with overlapping layers of hydrography such as springs, wells and surface we have observed that there is a close relationship between the lineament fault and underground water resources. Due to the lithology region is the combination of limestone and ophiolite melange and limestone radiolarites , lineaments role felt more particularly faults in underground aquifers feeding in the downstream area. most springs area is of fault type which appeared due to new tectonic movements and kept in good condition on the alluvial fan and plain water table downstream. Studies show that due to the movements of the faults in Quaternary alluvial deposits have been affected, and by alluvial fan fed  in downstream have contributed by water penetration and output it via springs and wells and other water sources. So that the total number of 183 Qanats with over 558 km of lengh, about 800 deep and semi-deep wells in the area, Its output water indebted tectonic lineaments and particular circumstances of hydrological and lithological in the upstream areas.

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Map of runoff potential, have various applications in the Hydrogeomorphology, including identifying potential of flooding, erosion and sediment yield a conditions. Often sub-basins as a study unit is used for this purpose. but The sub-basins have not homogeneity conditions in the vegetation and topography to calculate the producing of runoff. In this study, a new approach, hydrologic response units (HRU) was introduced as a unit of work, and Gare-Soo basin and also feature identification and extraction of the runoff is calculated separately for each unit. and the ability to produce runoff using the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) has been done. The results of study, sixteen of hydrologic response to Gare-Soo basin shows that each unit has the same geomorphology, topography and vegetation. The eight hydrologic response units due to the high potential of producing runoff, with most processes water excavation and scour phenomenon was detected that the type of land use has a significant role. It seems that using of the hydrological response unit, as a unit of work is more effective in accurate identification in the basin runoff ability and erosion conditions.

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Flooding is a natural hazard and a devastating catastrophe for human society. This hazard is occurring frequently in human communities in the recent years due to improper development of human settlement in watersheds and expansion of impermeable surfaces in drainage areas. Thus, it is essential to determine flood prone areas and make a plan for precautious measures. Moreover, preparation of hydrographs and the assessment of hydrological parameters at the level of basin drainage can give us an accurate evaluation of the flood prone areas in basins. Amame Drainage Basin as one of the sub-basins of Jajrud is proper for evaluation of Watershed Modeling System (WMS), due to the available hydrologic data. This research has made a zonation of the areas susceptible to flooding on this watershed to identify risk parts in surrounding villages using hydrological models in WMS. To do this, we have used WMS-HEC-1 (Hydrologic Engineering Center) Model for SCS (Soil Conservation Service ) unit hydrograph by one flood event. For the zonation by WMS-HEC-RAS4.1 (Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System) in WMS9.1, up to 29 cross-sections have been utilized along the river centerline. The results have indicated that the highest amount of inundation by a possible flooding is in rural areas in the vicinity of the river, near Amame Village.

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geomorphosites Including  new concepts that emphasize Specific sites for tourism and scientific values, ecological, cultural, aesthetic and economic benefit are combined .

Damavand, including areas that have unique tourist attractions in the country. Since one of the basic steps of the Damavand, its tourism infrastructure , So in this article we have tried using Reynard tourism efficiencies evaluated 16  geomorphosites samples Damavand . In this regard, enjoying a field survey, two main criteria, including the  grade scientific and supplements have been evaluated .   The scientific grade of perfect protection, rare, and index values Paleogeographic  And a perfect complement to include the cultural, historical, religious, historical, and economic ground . The results showed that the studied geomorphosite Damavand volcano with a score of 3.8 and 3.5 and Aala spring highest with a score of 4 and 3.3 of the maximum final score for each scientific grades And supplements, most bioassay data, and have won the highest rating among other geomorphosites. The lowest score of 1.8 points and 2.3 Site mines cartridge with the final score for each scientific grades And supplements, most bioassay, the lowest score among other geomorphosites are received . As a result, it generates more accurate planning geomorphosites capabilities in this area in order to achieve sustainable development of the tourism offer . Because these methods with a comprehensive view of all aspects tourism of sustainable evaluate appropriate their ability

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Geopark have great potential in terms of geotourist attracting. Island of Qeshm as the largest Island in the Persian Gulf has High ecotourism potential. Qeshm geopark just as only geopark in Middle East with special and rare geological heritage and international importance was Located on the island of Qeshm. This paper evaluates the geomorphotourism potential of Qeshm geopark. In order to describe this geosite have been used the topographic and geological map, satellite images, Field studies and to evaluate geomorphotourism ability of this geosite in terms of geotourist attracting have been used prolong method. The results showed that Stars Valley with a value average of 77% and the productivity average 68% is the highest geomorphotourism value. Because of the high potential in the field of physical beauty, scientific, economic, historical, cultural, social value, area Geosite have great potential in the field of geotourism. Lack of infrastructure is the main cause of not getting it organized. Geosite organization and management has paved the way Geotourism development of Qeshm geopark

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landslides are such as risk of mountainous areas that every year Imports a lot of damage on country economy. In recent years, natural and human factors Has caused Exacerbate the damages caused by landslides . One of the ways to reduce the damage caused by landslides is to avoid risk zones. For this purpose is necessary, risk maps for these areas be provided up any construction and development carried out by it. Main purpose this study is identify Effective factors of landslide occurrence in Darrud basin and Assessment areas with potential landslide for mapping using analytic hierarchy process and frequency relative method. In this regard, The first ten factors of landslides in the area were identified And using Arc GIS software raster was prepared and classification. Weights criteria using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and sub-criteria weights using frequency relative determination and landslide susceptibility map was prepared. Map produced using ROC curve was tested and it was determined that mapped by area under the curve 81/0 has the power to predict the landslide hazard assessment is very good. Slope 40 to 60 degrees, concave slopes, elevations less than 2,000 m, range between 300-330 mm rainfall, between 100-200 meters from the river, 0-100 meters from the road, 100-200 m of the fault, and northeast slopes and the gardens the greatest weight is given to them self. Also Factors aspect, land use and roads were identified as the most influential factors.

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Namakabroud area is located in the city of Chalus in Mazandaran province. Due to the large limestone formations, the presence of faults and tectonic seams, this area has a high potential for karst formation. The aim of this study is zoning feature of karst formation in this region. The main data of the study include topographic maps and aerial photographs with geological and hydrologic data at the Energy Department. In this study, six factors affecting the karst formation include: Geological, distance from seams and gaps, topography, slope, rainfall and temperature is used. Then these factors using fuzzy logic model in GIS environment are analyzed. At the end of the karst formation final map was prepared using 0.7 Gamma operator. The results show the ability of the region in the karst formation, so that the total area of 221.63 square kilometers study area, 56.65 percent (123.33 km) located in zones with high karst formation. While only 17.13 percent (37.98 square kilometers) in area with karst formation is low. In the end, according to the results of fuzzy model use of these models can help significantly identify areas of karst and zoning of these areas.

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ژئومورفولوژی یکی از شاخه‎های مهم جغرافیای طبیعی است که به مطالعه فرم ها و فرایندهای( ناهمواری ها) سطح زمین با هدف کمک به بهبود حیات انسان می پردازد. این علم یک دید بسیار ظریف از مورفولوژی زمین به متخصص می دهد تا بتواند با توجه به فضایی که در آن قرار دارد، مسائلی که در ارتباط با این علم هست را بشناسد، برنامه ریزی کرده و به رفع مشکل بپردازد. این شاخه از دانش جغرافیا در مسیر زمان شاهد رشد و شکوفایی گسترده ای بوده و تغییراتی را در طی دوره های زمانی مختلف به خود دیده است و باتوجه به اینکه  توانمندی ها و کاربردهای آن بسیار زیاد بوده در نهایت در گستره جهانی موجب توسعه این دانش در بسیاری از جهات شده است، اما به نظر می رسد در ایران دارای عملکرد مطلوب یا بسیارخوبی نبوده است. هرچند تلاشهای بسیار زیادی توسط متخصصان و اساتید این دانش صورت گرفته است اما به تناسب کاربردها و توان‎های آن رشد شایسته‎ای نیافته است. این پژوهش با استفاده از زوش‎های توصیفی– تحلیلی و بهره گیری از تکنیک‎های مشاهده و مصاحبه همراه با بهره گیری از مطالعات کتابخانه‎ای و اسنادی  با هدف بررسی توانمندی‎های دانش ژئومورفولوژی و علل عملکرد ضعیف آن در ایران گردآوری شده است. پیشنهاد می شود اساتید، محققین و متخصصین عزیز به دیده تعصب به آن ننگریسته و ضمن درک واقعیت‎های موجود به فکر چاره جویی و تعیین راهبردهای لازم در جهت تقویت این دانش بر آیند. امید می رود این پژوهش منبع مفیدی برای آگاهی دانشجویان ومحققین ژئومورفولوژی از توانهای آن شده و نقطه عطفی برای دستیابی به جایگاه شایسته آن شود.